ordinal: Regression Models for Ordinal Data

Implementation of cumulative link (mixed) models also known as ordered regression models, proportional odds models, proportional hazards models for grouped survival times and ordered logit/probit/... models. Estimation is via maximum likelihood and mixed models are fitted with the Laplace approximation and adaptive Gauss-Hermite quadrature. Multiple random effect terms are allowed and they may be nested, crossed or partially nested/crossed. Restrictions of symmetry and equidistance can be imposed on the thresholds (cut-points/intercepts). Standard model methods are available (summary, anova, drop-methods, step, confint, predict etc.) in addition to profile methods and slice methods for visualizing the likelihood function and checking convergence.

Version:	2025.12-29
Depends:	R (≥ 2.13.0), stats, methods
Imports:	ucminf, MASS, Matrix, numDeriv, nlme
Suggests:	lme4, nnet, xtable, testthat (≥ 0.8), tools
Published:	2026-01-10
DOI:	10.32614/CRAN.package.ordinal
Author:	Rune Haubo Bojesen Christensen [aut, cre]
Maintainer:	Rune Haubo Bojesen Christensen <rune.haubo at gmail.com>
BugReports:	https://github.com/runehaubo/ordinal/issues
License:	GPL-2 | GPL-3 [expanded from: GPL (≥ 2)]
URL:	https://github.com/runehaubo/ordinal
NeedsCompilation:	yes
Citation:	ordinal citation info
Materials:	NEWS
In views:	Econometrics, MixedModels, Psychometrics
CRAN checks:	ordinal results

Documentation:

Reference manual:	ordinal.html , ordinal.pdf
Vignettes:	Cumulative Link Models for Ordinal Regression (source, R code) clmm2 tutorial (source, R code)

Downloads:

Package source:	ordinal_2025.12-29.tar.gz
Windows binaries:	r-devel: ordinal_2025.12-29.zip, r-release: ordinal_2025.12-29.zip, r-oldrel: ordinal_2025.12-29.zip
macOS binaries:	r-release (arm64): ordinal_2025.12-29.tgz, r-oldrel (arm64): ordinal_2025.12-29.tgz, r-release (x86_64): ordinal_2025.12-29.tgz, r-oldrel (x86_64): ordinal_2025.12-29.tgz
Old sources:	ordinal archive

Reverse dependencies:

Reverse depends:	metaSDTreg, RcmdrPlugin.MPAStats
Reverse imports:	AutoScore, crch, drord, ecoCopula, EQUALSTATS, gomp, GRAB, jomo, optimus, pda, projpred, remiod, serp
Reverse suggests:	agridat, AICcmodavg, broom, broom.helpers, broom.mixed, buildmer, car, catdata, catregs, clarkeTest, clmstan, dataquieR, dotwhisker, ecostats, effects, emmeans, ensemblepp, equatiomatic, generalhoslem, ggeffects, GLMcat, gofcat, insight, marginaleffects, modelbased, nonnest2, OlinkAnalyze, parameters, performance, plot3logit, qbrms, RVAideMemoire, sensR, simstudy, sure, tram, tramME, tramvs, unvs.med, vitals
Reverse enhances:	margins, memisc, MuMIn, prediction, stargazer, texreg

Linking:

Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=ordinal to link to this page.